Europe

Italian energy utility Enel has issued a US$4.5 billion (€3.8 billion) bond seeking investment from “US and international” investors.

A Fraunhofer and SolarPower Europe study has concluded that reaching the EU's annual solar module manufacturing target of 30GW is achievable.

Representatives from the EU, IEA and IRENA have signed an open letter to deliver a 'just and equitable energy transition'.

European geopolitical tensions have exploited weaknesses in grid systems, leaving 55% of Europe’s grids vulnerable, according to Ember.

Spanish IPP Sonnedix has acquired five solar projects in Sicily and Lazio, Italy, with a combined capacity of 226MW.

European power purchase agreement (PPA) prices fell 0.6% between July and August this year, according to Swiss consultancy Pexpark.

Kiwa PI Berlin examines the importance of doing cell-level diligence to manage quality of n-type modules such as TOPCon and HJT.

The Dutch government has decided to discontinue the funding of SolarNL, a domestic solar manufacturing programme.

Marco Zaniboni and Juanma Fernandez of Sonnedix examine the key considerations in deciding whether to revamp, repower or retrofit.

EdgeMode has acquired a portfolio of data centre assets in Spain, with plans to build a 300MW solar, 1.2GWh storage facility at the sites.